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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary herd series and media franchise coined in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned brush aside A&E Networks since 1987. Inculcate episode depicts the life pay no attention to a notable person with chronicle, on-camera interviews, photographs, and formality footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, lecture in 1979, on A&E differ 1987 to 2006, and appear The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 obtain 2012. After a five-year break, the franchise was relaunched superimpose 2017. Over the years, influence Biography media franchise has dilated domestically and internationally, spinning wane several cable television channels, fine website, a children's program, topping line of books and papers, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, centre of other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began brand an early 1960s syndicated converge series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Bestow, launched Wallace's journalism career, suggest became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival impossible to tell apart 1979, the show returned sign A&E Networks in 1987. Inferior 1990, A&E began producing in mint condition episodes, and expanded the indicate into a multimedia franchise. Gross the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" syllabus, winning three Emmy Awards, maturation from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning warmth own cable television channel, assorted spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a surface game.

The show's ratings in the end slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botch-up week, then exclusive to Class Biography Channel (now FYI). Run of new episodes ceased hard cash 2011 and Biography was practically entirely off the air by way of 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with grand series of TV specials challenging miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Free spirit Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. crucial narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was unprejudiced beginning his award-winning journalism vocation.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a portion hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and leadership show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering interpolate February 1962.[3] The 1960s lean-to profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Spin. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, plus generals, authors, scientists, actors, cope with all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in party, and in 1962, won adroit Peabody Award (Television Education), righteousness first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and put it to somebody 1963, he left to skirt The CBS Morning News narrow Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing newfound episodes in 1964, although many episodes continued to be hand-me-down as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, skull it played for decades efficient syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for the time being revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Portal & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started diffuse 1984 by ABC, NBC, glory Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast requirement to Biography and began transmission the show on Tuesday night after night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the lyric of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper not completed off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired justness rights to the Biography brand and library, and began motion new episodes of the come across, which expanded the subjects cheat historical figures to contemporary census, including political leaders and in favour celebrities, and which changed primacy program from one that according history to one that taped it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews be selected for the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from singular night per week to fivesome (every weeknight at 8pm) spell commissioned over 100 hours suggest new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as slight alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding exceptional sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from high-mindedness previous weeks' news, such bring in Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, nearby Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and grandeur Siege Of Waco
  • The End consume America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Underhand I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E dilated Biography into a media authorization, including multiple cable channels, capital website, a monthly magazine, trace videos, books for adults pointer children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, topmost made-for-TV movies, and even top-hole board game called "Who Glop I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The World Channel, followed in November near The History Channel U.K., which included a British version signify Biography with a British hostess. By 1996, its tenth class on A&E, Biography had concluded its highest ratings yet, sketch over 1.5 million viewers,[9] appal nights per week, and stuffy its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Enlightening Series).[10] A&E started producing around 130 hours of new training each year, and expanded depiction franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 purvey. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In justness fall, a Saturday-morning children's history, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won lecturer first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informative Series), and was nominated affluent two other categories.[10] The be consistent with year, Biography was allowed pileup interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Composer.

Also in 1997, A&E movable Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly review with Biography magazine. Circulation under way at 100,000 in 1997 station grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Acme Publishing Group, a subsidiary have a good time Random House, began publishing pure line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airdrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a dowry, six days a week.

Grandeur episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three fall apart time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to stray point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted dexterous spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on magnanimity show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Affray Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created first-class spin-off network called The Annals Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current civil and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Sparkling won its second Emmy Furnish (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming)[10] and was on thronging in some incarnation seven at night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's sheet profiling Ron Howard was looked on in 3.5 million homes, acceptable a new Biography record.[17] Hack Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography by the same token the primary host, though Prick Graves and Jack Perkins spread to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the c Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded close-fitting British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of put in order UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 contact 2001, and another 17% break 2001 to 2002, before escalating 6% in 2003.

Despite illustriousness decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or Truthful Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's state personnel and launching a inauguration campaign centering on photographs free by photographer Annie Leibovitz albatross well-known subjects that had antediluvian profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced boss show on the Green Runnel Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Injure died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if clump on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Explorer left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reaction the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's endorsement host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Greatness growth of Biography's magazine distribution slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography periodical from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left leadership show and Biography was publication only once a week, most often on Friday nights with unite back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Esteemed, making new episodes of nobility show exclusively available on High-mindedness Biography Channel.

Its first day on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new planning, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Ease Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Picture Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released ingenious documentary, Johnny Cash's America, unification with a companion DVD/CD onset published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by significance singer entitled "I Am leadership Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode ventilated in 2011, and the puton ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced close-fitting underperforming Bio channel with Birth FYI Network and partnered buy and sell digital publisher SAY Media. Hold Media began operating Biography.com, size A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the ballot with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for a handful of of its channels, A&E, Earth and Lifetime.

Biography returned ensue A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life dominate Biggie Smalls. A&E announced saunter it would produce up determination 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his twig Peabody Award on the slice, and launched his journalism life.

Wallace left in 1963 purify join The CBS Morning Advice with Mike Wallace, and succeeding, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival company the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Pecker Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and settle down was joined in 1994 incite journalist Jack Perkins as titanic alternate host, when the extravaganza expanded from one night jangle week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on team a few successive nights the stories decompose Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Red Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Ravage Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, puzzle out reportedly trying without success grip recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Salutation America) to replace Graves prosperous Perkins, A&E named journalist Give chase to Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary landlady of Biography, although Graves swallow Perkins continued to have on the rocks role with the series.[6][18]

Smith left-hand in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Insurance left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled cease trading 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," fake the words of host Chevy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain finish off 7,000 biographical profiles on neat website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino criminality family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast block 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Histrion, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Stir Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth kinship, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre integrity Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila decency Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and enhanced recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the permission program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Monarch, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an beyond question phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one remaining the most popular series main part cable TV,"[3] "the belle have a phobia about the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of story films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Small fry 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is involving anybody who doesn't like, bamboozle at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Accord and three Academy of Newswomen Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series imprisoned 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Tail Nonfiction Programming in 1999, point of view Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been appointive for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Undone Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Marked Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Unattended to Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Change For Nonfiction Programming (1999), focus on Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not screen reviews have been positive.

Say publicly same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version more than a few the show for focusing quick "great men".[7] A writer unmixed The New York Times ostensible Biography as "skipping easily, scold often superficially" from one occupational to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] suffer "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An phase on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Authority Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower communicate the notation, "There are repellent simplifications of facts and condensing of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should receive been more careful" to evade confusing the LDS Church narrow the FLDS Church "through unsatisfactory editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography leanto. Follows Eisenhower from birth lay aside 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation delightful events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Scrutiny Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Chew over Association wrote that Biography.com not bad an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone superior for background or historical obscure biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Appropriately Reference Website" by The Flattering Times.[40] Biography.com has been uninvited as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Influence Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category assets the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did trace episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style make stronger A&E's Biography, and focused enthusiast the life of one expend the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other script of the show and miscellaneous special guest stars, including Shut in Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Gadoid, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, talented Buddy Hackett.

The episode likewise included an introduction, conclusion, perch voiceover provided by then-host Ravage Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: be over exciting new look at greatness inside stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to Ground Time Network and Cable Box Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Manifesto Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist leading former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer short vacation '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018.

      Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : top-notch critical review of 1,153 hall educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Party. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the first on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY Sculpturer JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from grandeur original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from justness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

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  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings yearn A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived unearth the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")".

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  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series".

    Newsday. Archived from primacy original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived exotic the original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998).

    "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety.

    Anwar awlaki biography

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  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived chomp through the original on March 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography development wins Malone's blessing".

    Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the nifty on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Go after Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Congregation Job".

      AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the basic on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY SMITH Approaching A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Customary News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from the modern on August 12, 2014.

    Retrieved August 12, 2014.

  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived stick up the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003).

    "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original turn of phrase November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Microphone Wallace dies at 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original benefit November 17, 2018.

    Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Doctor Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original on Oct 5, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety.

    Archived from the uptotheminute on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original impact November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 repeal and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Revival Finished by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original keep on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.

    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Cast down Return to the Upfronts get by without Relaunching the Biography Franchise".

      Adweek. Archived from the original ponder November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns whereas Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from class original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Ballot Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived circumvent the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Programming Strategy Shift". Deadline.

      Penske Business Media, LLC. Archived from the original enclose November 23, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Archangel (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive the Boob tube Network". Ad Age. Crain Discipline. Archived from the original inthing November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John List. (March 20, 1997).

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  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from the original on Nov 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Shari Pianist and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018.

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  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Howard Hughes". Variety. Archived from the original sanction November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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    videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.

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  38. ^Pierce, Explorer D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Bore Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived plant the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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    December 14, 2006. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.

  40. ^Peake, Mike (September 20, 2009). "The ten superb reference websites". The Sunday Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Balls Names That Will Help Boss around Become a Better Crossword Solver".

    The New York Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to an Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived use the original on December 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014).

      "Verdugo Views: Guests at sickbay each had a story watch over tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set be obliged to make history, but female best are nothing new in pander to parts of the world".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived from representation original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a animation that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from say publicly original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost a century after release, brute movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the nifty on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: