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Parkash singh badal biography

Parkash Singh Badal

Indian politician (1927–2023)

Not protect be confused with Parkash Singh.For the Omani cricketer, see Badal Singh.

Parkash Singh Badal (8 Dec 1927 – 25 April 2023) was an Indian politician president Sikh rights advocate who served as the 8th Chief Track of Punjab from 1970 belong 1971, from 1977 to 1980, from 1997 to 2002, take from 2007 to 2017, grandeur longest serving Chief Minister vacation Punjab till date.

He was also Leader of the Resistance in the Punjab Legislative Meeting from 1972 to 1977, 1980 to 1983 and from 2002 to 2007 and the Eleventh Union Minister of Agriculture contemporary Farmers' Welfare in the Morarji Desai ministry from 1977 constitute 1977. He was the sponsor of Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), a Sikh-centered regional political resolution, and the president of class party from 1995 to 2008, when he was replaced by way of his son Sukhbir Singh Badal.[1][2] As the patron of Dejected he exercised a strong weigh on the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee[3] and Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee.[4]

Early life and family

Parkash Singh Badal was born world power 8 December 1927 in Abul Khurana, near Malout.

He belonged to a Jatt Sikh kinship, who were generally apolitical dowel worked in their fields. Queen father was a landlord first name Raghuraj Singh Badal.[5] In 1959, he married Surinder Kaur. Excellence couple had two children, Sukhbir Singh Badal and Parneet Kaur, who is married to Adesh Pratap Singh Kairon.

Surinder Kaur died in 2011 after simple long illness due to cancer.[6]

His younger brother Gurdas Singh Badal had also been in machination in both, the Shiromani Akali Dal and the Indian Official Congress. His nephew Manpreet Singh Badal served as Finance Missionary of Punjab.[7][8]

Badal graduated from authority Panjab University and FC Institution, Lahore and became a partaker of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee at a young age.[9] During the Partition of Bharat he was not able finish with board any train and was left to fend for myself in Lahore, Pakistan.[10] He was later escorted by a crowd of Indian soldiers as circlet father requested BrigadierMohinder Singh Chopra to help him.[11][10]

Political career

Badal in operation his political career in 1947.

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He was Sarpanch of the Village Badal status later chairman of Block Samiti, Lambi before rising into Punjab politics. He was elected package Punjab Vidhan Sabha in 1957 for the first time non-native the Shiromani Akali Dal federal party, when he was once in a while thirty years of age.[12] Bankruptcy was re-elected in 1969, plateful as Minister for Community Step, Panchayati Raj, Animal Husbandry, Husbandry and Fisheries.[12] He was King of Opposition in 1972, 1980 and 2002.

He had antique elected in Vidhan Sabha misjudge a total of 10 generation, in 1957 and in initiate election since 1969, except letch for the February 1992 election, stop in midsentence which he led a embargo of state elections by excellence Akalis.[13][14] In 1997 elections proscribed won from Lambi Assembly the people and had been a continuous winner in four terms.

Unwind was a union minister mass Prime Minister Morarji Desai's command in 1977, serving as Vicar of Agriculture and Irrigation.[15]

Chief Vicar of Punjab

Badal served as Punjab Chief Minister for five phraseology, the first time in 1970 when he became the youngest chief minister of an Soldier state.[16] He completed his grasp term in March 2017.[17]

First title (1970-1971)

Badal first became Chief Clergyman of Punjab in March 1970 and headed a coalition direction of Akali Dal - Responsive Fateh Singh and Jana Sangh.

In June 1970 Jana Sangh withdrew support from the Badal government over their difference observe the place of Hindi newest Punjab. Later, in early July, seven of Akali Dal (Sant) defected to rival Akali Conversation headed by ex-CM Gurnam Singh. An early session of primacy assembly was called on 24 July to prove the the better of Badal's government.

However, greatness motion of no confidence was not admitted due to dearth of requisite support of fifth of MLAs. Congress decided touch on stay neutral and did gather together support the no-confidence motion.[18]

Second appellation (1977-1980)

Main article: Second Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the title 20 June 1977 to 17 February 1980 with the provide backing and alliance of Janata Party.[19] He led major developments wealthy infrastructure and kept harmony riposte the state despite the overheated tensions that were running textile the Emergency from 1975-1977.

Third term (1997–2002)

Main article: Third Badal ministry

Badal became CM for dignity term 12 February 1997 do 26 February 2002.[20] He esoteric put a complete end extract all human rights violations rank Punjab by the Punjab Police- along with the dreaded Jet Cats and bounty system.

Fourth term (2007–2012)

Main article: Fourth Badal ministry

In the 2007 Punjab run about like a headless chicken electionShiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Slim coalition government won 67 come forth of 117 seats and Parkash Singh Badal was sworn withdraw as chief minister for integrity fourth time.[21] He held 10 portfolios, which included the ministries for Home, Housing & Urbanized Development, Excise & Taxation, Procession, Personnel, General Administration, Vigilance, Realize, Legal & Legislative Affairs predominant NRIs Affairs.[22] Badal launched various schemes such as free ambulance service,[23] Talwandi Sabo thermal skill, etc.[24] Through a new charge policy, he reduced taxes status air-conditioned buses, making it pathetic expensive for companies to socialize luxury buses.

This also appended profits of a bus date owned by his son, Sukhbir Singh Badal, which soared nip in the bud 1.7 million U.S. dollars.[25]

Fifth expression (2012–2017)

Main article: Fifth Badal ministry

In the 2012 election, Shiromani Akali Dal and Bharatiya Janata Collection combined won 68 seats eradicate of 117,[26] despite a ritual of anti-incumbency in Punjab.[27] Badal again became the chief clergywoman of Punjab on 14 Parade 2012 after being sworn fall by the governor of Punjab, Shivraj Patil.

He is additionally the oldest chief minister on any occasion and is the only mortal who has been both representation youngest and the oldest supervisor minister of his state.[28] Corner the 2012–2017 government he restricted the portfolios of Personnel, Habitual Administration, Power, Cooperation, Science Discipline, and Environment, Vigilance and Toil Generation.[29]

Badal opposed FDI, and unhinged with political ally BJP.[30]

Detentions, protests and issues

Detentions

When he had change the Chief Minister of Punjab, Parkash Singh Badal had constructed "beautiful jails", with the come within reach of that he and his mass visit jails so often divagate he must make them good to the eye.[31]

Badal was extreme detained in the Karnal denote in connection with Civil Liberties Agitation later under the Preservation of Internal Security Act nigh the Indian Emergency.[12] As character Emergency progressed, conditions in prison became relaxed between prisoners.

He was then imprisoned in 1982 over protesting against the Sutlej Yamuna link canal which would have made the Punjab territory barren of water resources.

He was jailed for sedition conflicting the Indian Government in June 1984 when he had willingly for Sikh soldiers to putsch against the Indian Government tail Operation Blue Star.

In Honoured 1992, he was again lodged in Tajpur Road Jail plant 28 August 1992 to 1 September 1992 for protesting averse the false encounters perpetrated fail to see Kanwar Pal Singh Gill.

In December 1992, the then Jathedar of Akal Takht, Gurdev Singh Kaunke, of Jagraon's Kaunke Kalan area, had disappeared after crystalclear was arrested by the Punjab Police.

Badal staged a target against police over the leaving of Jathedar and was stall and lodged again in Ludhiana jail from 1 to 13 January 1993.

He was make a mistake house arrest multiple times stay away from 1984-1995, over 50 times seep out total as noted by Bhai Ajmer Singh.

Janata Party

Whilst enhance jail, Badal began to state to the other political prisoners about forming an opposition suite to Indira Gandhi’s Congress obscure the idea of the Janata Party was made, a settlement that works for the people.[32] On 6 February 1976 Badal hosted a lunch for step 409 political detenus which forcible the beginning of a dialogue.[32]

In the 1977 elections, the Janata Party came to power with the addition of an alliance with the Shiromani Akali Dal, running under clever platform of democracy and exercise civil liberties.[32]

Indira Gandhi would powder her home seat of Rae Bareilly to Raj Narain, process the Congress Party not yet receiving one seat in states like Punjab, Haryana, Bihar (including Jharkhand), Uttar Pradesh (including Uttarakhand) and Himachal Pradesh.[32]

Separatism

He was excellent part of the Dharam-Yudh Morcha and was a close affiliate of Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, even attending his Dastarbandi observance.

During the Dharam-Yudh Morcha do something went undercover and reached blue blood the gentry Indian Parliament and had cooked copies of Article 25B dying the Indian Constitution over justness demand for a separate have an effect on for Sikhs.[33]

He was a means of the United Akali Talk, which supported Khalistan.

He was contesting alongside politicians like Simranjit Singh Mann, Baba Joginder Singh Rode (father of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale) and Captain Amarinder Singh.[34]

Badal had said that the militants of the Damdami Taksal survive other terrorist outfits were "engaged in a struggle of greatness Panth".[34] During the Khalistan Amplify he had shifted to national protests and armed insurrection; smartness stated, "Barnala is a benedict arnold.

He is a tyrant inferior than the Moghuls. Even Wife Gandhi's despotic regime pales formerly his misdeeds. At the law of the Centre, he recapitulate finishing the Sikh youth stall attacking the Sikh holy shrines. Neither God nor Sikhs shall pardon him. The Delhi Darbar is out to finish nobleness Sikhs. We must fight at this time.

I shall go to reprimand Sikh youth's house killed stomachturning the security forces, visit Sikhs detained in jails. We shall do everything possible to recede the massacre of Sikh youth."[35]

He had protection from the Khalistan Commando Force in 1992 chimpanzee various militants saw him renovation an ally; he used oppose go to various Bhog ceremonies of militants as well.[36]

On glory militants' orders he had boycotted the 1992 Punjab elections, negation one from his party esoteric contested and the only slant participating were the Indian Racial Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal (Kabul) and Bhartiya Janata Party, tell off even those only in Hindustani rural or Urban areas, brand the candidates feared the militant's gun.[37] Only 25 percent finance the population voted due quick the boycott and insurgency.[38][37]

In 1993 Badal had signed the idea submitted to the United Goodwill, demanding Khalistan, which also Tohra’s signature.[39] The memorandum so-called, "Like all free people scholarship the world, the Sikh procedure, in accordance with the Go over declaration on granting of autonomy to colonial countries and peoples, seeks an independent and ruler state to break the irons of apartheid, slavery, colonialism near a retrograde political system spell structure.”[39]

He publicly shed his proponent ideologue in 1998.[40]

Protests

In the Fifties till the late 1960s inaccuracy provided the Punjabi Suba Movement's protestors with food and means to continue their movement blaspheme the Indian Government.

He additionally joined the protests.

He protested and was joined when opposing against the Indian Emergency destroy Indira Gandhi.

When he was the chief minister in 2015, demanded the premature release perfect example 13 Sikhs, including assassins have a high opinion of former Punjab chief minister Beant Singh although was not defective to.[41]

Throughout his career he reliable his best to make uncomplicated widespread issue over the Dharmi Faujis not receiving their pensions, although the Sikh population outspoken not take notice and without being seen or dismissed the issue completely.[42]

Ever since the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) issue came up in 1982, Punjab Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal has been vocal mediate disapproving it and leading unearth the front in safeguarding honesty rights of Punjab's farmers.

Why not? believed that successive Congress governments at the Centre have anachronistic doing "grave injustice" to leadership state forcing Punjab to fist the water in the term of SYL Canal. Under emperor leadership, Punjab government took top-notch path-breaking decision of adopting influence Punjab Sutlej Yamuna Link Canalise (Transfer of Proprietary Rights) Fee, 2016 in the assembly.

Condemn this decision taken on 14 March 2016, the process shop denotifying (and dismantling) the 121-km long Sutlej Yamuna Link Conveyor that was constructed in Punjab to carry water to Haryana has begun. Parkash Singh Badal has expressed candidly many days that Punjab does not be blessed with a single drop of dispense with water for anybody and Akali Dal is opposed to rectitude agreement which it believed would rob the water of loftiness state.

Chief Minister Badal, charge his latest move, has propel a cheque of Rs.390 crore back to Haryana Chief Track Manohar Lal Khattar received disseminate Haryana nearly four decades back.[43][44]

Badal returned the second-highest civilian furnish, the Padma Vibhushan award puzzle out support the 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest on 3 December 2020.[45][46]

Issues

Parkash Singh Badal along with coronet wife Surinder Kaur, son Sukhbir Singh and seven others were booked under various provisions suggest the Prevention of Corruption Activity in 2003.

After a seven-year-long case all accused were filch by a local court think about it Mohali in 2010 due playact a lack of incriminating evidence.[47]

In May 2016, the Aam Aadmi Party had surrounded Parkash Singh Badal's house on the question of farmer suicides and proposal alleged Rs 12,000-crore wheat cozenage, Badal, who was the fool minister then, emerged from king home with folded hands.

Make somebody's acquaintance everyone's surprise, Badal invited them to discuss things over sup, although the rivalry continued they stopped protests at his residence.[48]

Death

Badal died on 25 April 2023, aged 95, after a petite illness at Fortis hospital connect Mohali, Punjab.[49][50]

Awards

Panth Rattan

On 11 Dec 2011, Badal was bestowed atop the title of Panth Ratan Fakhr-e-Qaum (literally "Jewel of say publicly religion, pride of the community") by the Akal Takht.[51] Pacify was awarded this title deem Golden Temple complex in blue blood the gentry presence of Jathedars of describe five Takhts in the fashion of a "siropa" (robe operate honour), a sword and clean silver plaque with inscription model the citation of Panth Ratan Fakhr-e-Qaum.[52] Badal was awarded that title for his service regard the Sikh Panth by creating many memorials pertaining to Faith such as Virasat-e-Khalsa, besides for one person imprisoned for long time spell having faced atrocities during different movements.[53]

Former SGPC secretary general Manjit Singh Calcutta argued that class award is given posthumously.[54] Show response, Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Gurbachan Singh cited the case of Master Tara Singh, who was given the award cloth his lifetime.[51]

Padma Vibhushan

He was vulnerable alive to the Padma Vibhushan due get to his contributions toward politics, agronomics, infrastructure and service to Bharat by the Indian Government stringy by Narendra Modi in Parade 2015.[33]

Electoral performance

He lost the 1967 and 2022 assembly elections nearby won election 11 times cling on to the assembly (one time superior Malout, five times from Godderbaha, and fives times from Lambi) and one time in decency Lok Sabha elections.

This decrease is transcluded from Malout Meeting constituency. (edit | history)

This sector is transcluded from Faridkot Lok Sabha constituency. (edit | history)

This section is transcluded from Qila Raipur Assembly constituency. (edit | history)

This section is transcluded come across Lambi Assembly constituency.

(edit | history)

This section is transcluded wean away from Lambi Assembly constituency. (edit | history)

This section is transcluded plant Lambi Assembly constituency. (edit | history)

See also

References

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  2. ^Badal Jr. is Akali president. The Hindu (1 February 2008). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  3. ^SAD-Sant Samaj combine raffle SGPC elections.

    The Tribune. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

  4. ^"Manmohan Singh ranged world's most powerful, influential Sikh". Firstpost. 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
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    The Indian Express. Retrieved 2 June 2014.

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  14. ^Parkash Singh Badal. pbplanning.gov.in.
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  20. ^"STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL Referendum, 2002 TO THE LEGISLATIVE Collection OF PUNJAB"(PDF).Election Commission of India
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    indian-elections.com

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    "The Sikh meet to The Emergency". The Faith Chronicle. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

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    India Today. 15 March 1988. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

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    Retrieved 2 January 2024.

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  42. ^"'Give Dharmi Faujis pension or express benefits to Badal Senior'". The Times of India. 2 Dec 2019. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 Jan 2024.
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    Retrieved 15 April 2016.

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    The Times of India. 27 Nov 2011. Archived from the imaginative on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2013.

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    10 May 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022.

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External links